Species authority page

American coot

Fulica americana · Rails gallinules and coots · Migratory game birds

American coot (Fulica americana): About 15 in (38 cm); charcoal gray body with a blacker head. Thick white bill with a white and chestnut frontal shield running up the forehead. This profile does not establish whether taking it is legal anywhere.

Certified rules currently represented in Hunt: coverage in development. This is coverage, not a legal answer.

American coot beside its chick
Adobe Stock · Standard License (asset 509922348)
Scientific name
Fulica americana
Family
Rallidae
Range
Occurs across much of Canada and the United States, from western and eastern Canada south through all U.S. regions; northern birds migrate and may winter wherever water stays open.
Biology

How to identify it

About 15 in (38 cm); charcoal gray body with a blacker head. [1]

Thick white bill with a white and chestnut frontal shield running up the forehead. [1]

Big feet with lobed (not webbed) toes, visible when it walks on land. [1]

Nods its head as it swims. [1]

Immatures are paler gray; downy young have a red head. [1]

Species it is confused with

Check these before deciding what you are looking at. If you are not certain what it is, do not shoot.

Field notes

  • Identification Do not identify American coot from colour alone. Compare structure, size, range and the listed similar species before making a field decision.[1]
Field knowledge

Where it lives

Ponds, lakes and marshes; breeds on fairly shallow fresh water with much marsh vegetation. [1]

In winter also on park ponds, reservoirs, fields near water, salt marshes and protected coastal bays. [1]

Field knowledge

How it behaves

Usually in flocks; aggressive and noisy, calling day or night with clucks, cackles and grunts. [1]

Must patter across the water, flapping hard, to take off. [1]

Feeds by dabbling, up-ending, diving and grazing on land; steals food from ducks. Diet mostly aquatic plants and algae plus insects, snails and other small animals. [1]

Some populations are resident, others migrate, probably mostly at night; may winter as far north as open water allows. [1]

Regulatory handoff

Where it is listed for legal take

These authorities list this species for legal take in their own regulations.

Where legal take is listed

Being listed is not an open season. Seasons, zones, licences, methods and limits decide whether this animal may be taken on a given day and place — check Hunt or the authority before you go. Listings read 2026-09-30.

Geospatial intelligence

Where it is found

Occurs across much of Canada and the United States, from western and eastern Canada south through all U.S. regions; northern birds migrate and may winter wherever water stays open.

Biology

Sources

Every claim above is attributed to one of these published sources.

  1. National Audubon Society · reviewed 2026-09-30

    National Audubon Society