Species authority page

Hooded merganser

Lophodytes cucullatus · Ducks · Waterfowl · Migratory game birds

Hooded merganser (Lophodytes cucullatus): Smallest North American merganser, 41–48 cm. Male's crest is white with a black border and can be raised high or flattened. This profile does not establish whether taking it is legal anywhere.

Certified rules currently represented in Hunt: coverage in development. This is coverage, not a legal answer.

Hooded merganser with a raised cinnamon crest swimming on a stream
Photo by Camerauthor Photos on Unsplash
Scientific name
Lophodytes cucullatus
Family
Anatidae
Range
Breeds from southeastern Alaska, central British Columbia and southwestern Alberta south to Oregon, Idaho and Montana, and from central Saskatchewan to Nova Scotia south to Kansas, Louisiana and Georgia; winters mainly along the Pacific, Atlantic and Gulf slopes.
Biology

How to identify it

Smallest North American merganser, 41–48 cm. [1][2]

Male's crest is white with a black border and can be raised high or flattened. [1][2]

Female is uniformly dark with a mostly dark bill and a pale bushy crest at the back of a long flat head. [1][2]

Compared with the bufflehead (male): Compare males closely; the hooded merganser's white crest is bordered with black. [1][2]

Species it is confused with

Check these before deciding what you are looking at. If you are not certain what it is, do not shoot.

Field notes

  • Identification Do not identify Hooded merganser from colour alone. Compare structure, size, range and the listed similar species before making a field decision.[1][2]
Field knowledge

Where it lives

Wooded lakes, ponds, creeks and narrow rivers in forested country; in winter woodland ponds, wooded swamps and fresh or brackish coastal estuaries. [1][2]

Field knowledge

How it behaves

Dives and hunts by sight for small fish, crayfish and aquatic insects [1][2]

Cavity nester that readily uses wood duck nest boxes [1][2]

Mostly a short-distance migrant, moving late in fall and early in spring [1][2]

Regulatory handoff

Where it is listed for legal take

These authorities list this species for legal take in their own regulations.

Where legal take is listed

Being listed is not an open season. Seasons, zones, licences, methods and limits decide whether this animal may be taken on a given day and place — check Hunt or the authority before you go. Listings read 2026-09-30.

Geospatial intelligence

Where it is found

Breeds from southeastern Alaska, central British Columbia and southwestern Alberta south to Oregon, Idaho and Montana, and from central Saskatchewan to Nova Scotia south to Kansas, Louisiana and Georgia; winters mainly along the Pacific, Atlantic and Gulf slopes.

Biology

Sources

Every claim above is attributed to one of these published sources.

  1. National Audubon Society · reviewed 2026-09-30

    National Audubon Society

  2. NatureServe · reviewed 2026-09-30

    NatureServe